Πανδώρα (παν + δώρα): the all-gifted
Etymology of Pandora
The myth of Pandora (the first mortal woman) is misinterpreted. I've seen many modern books wrongly claiming that hope did escape the box and, despite all evil that was spread throughout the land, people still hoped that better days would soon come.
Hesiod is the one that refers to the box (it was not a box actually, but more like a jar) and claims that Pandora (actually referring to women) is the root of all evil, because she would hurt the man with her beauty and lies.
For from her is the descent of female women
a great pain for mortals, living with men,
companions not of destructive Poverty but of Plenty.
Theogony
When Pandora opened the box, all evil escaped it, but Pandora (under Zeus' will) held hope inside the jar by closing the lid. Isiodus doesn't say why hope stayed into the jar, but one (judging from Isiodus' view on women) can imply that he meant by that, that the men would have no hope against women, for without her, they would die alone, but with her, they'd have to withstand their cunning nature.
Judging by this, which is how Hesiod closes Theogony:
Thus it is not possible to escape the mind of Zeus.
Theogony
and
an angry Zeus decides to give humanity a punishing gift to compensate for the boon they had been given. He commands Hephaestus to mold from earth the first woman, a "beautiful evil" whose descendants would torment the human race
Wikipedia
One can see what Hesiod wanted to say in the end.